Describe the following networking devices: Hubs, Repeaters, Routers, Bridges, Gateways

Q. Describe the following networking devices:

(a) Hubs

(b) Repeaters

(c) Routers

(d) Bridges

(e) Gateways

Answer =

(a) Hubs:- In computer networking, a hub is a small, simple, low-cost device that joins multiple computers together.

(b) Repeaters: - It is a device that amplifies and restores the signal before it gets degraded and transmits the original signal back to the destination. A repeater is a re-generator and not an amplifier.

(c) Routers: - Routers operate in the physical, data link and network layers of the OSI model. They decide the path a packet should take. A router is a networking device whose software and hardware are usually tailored to the tasks of routing and forwarding data packets across network.

(d) Bridges: - A bridge is a device designed to connect two LAN segments. The purpose of a bridge is to filter traffic on a LAN. Bridge relays frames between two originally separate segments. When a frame enters a bridge, the bridge not only regenerates the signal but also checks the physical address of the destination and forwards the new copy only to that port.

(e) Gateways: - A gateway operates on all the seven layers of OSI model. A network gateway is a computer which has internet-working capability of joining together two networks that use different base protocols. Gateway converts one protocol to another and can, therefore, connect two dissimilar networks.